• br Author contributions br Conflict of interest br Acknowled

  2023-08-21

  

  Author contributions Conflict of interest Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81502276), Major Projects of Science and Technology of Health and Family Planning Commission of Hunan Province (A2017013), the Natural Science Foundation o

• The authors thank Dr J Aoki

  2023-08-21

  

  The authors thank Dr. J. Aoki, University of Tokyo, for kindly providing 5E5-ATX antibody. This work was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft to A.E.K. (KR4391/1-1), research grants “Primary sclerosing cholangitis” from the Deutsche Crohn-Colitis-Vereinigung and the Norwegia

• pramiracetam br The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and Reg

  2023-08-21

  

  The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and Regulation by Sphingolipids Sphingolipid-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved stress response that typically promotes survival and antagonizes apoptosis. However, excessive autophagy was found to

• In the mammalian brain synapse formation is followed

  2023-08-21

  

  In the mammalian brain, synapse formation is followed by a period of synapse refinement, and autophagy has been shown to play an important role in this process. For example, Tang and colleagues found that autophagy is required for the developmental pruning of dendritic spines, and that this pruning

• br Oxidative microbe killing and V ATPase Oxidative killing

  2023-08-21

  

  Oxidative microbe killing and V-ATPase Oxidative killing of phagocytosed microorganisms is predominately achieved through the uptake of large quantities of molecular oxygen by the infected cell and the activity particularly of the NADPH oxidase complex on phagosomes (Savina et al., 2006) and the

• Calcineurin has been established to

  2023-08-21

  

  Calcineurin has been established to be a ubiquitous Ca2+-activated serine phosphatase in the nervous system (Pyrzynska et al., 2001). It has been reported that the activation of calcineurin protects aromatase from autophagy-mediated protein degradation, implying that calcineurin-dependent dephosphor

• The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first

  2023-08-21

  

  The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first caspase-independent death effector. AIF can induce caspase-independent chromatin condensation and large-scale DNA fragmentation to approximately 50 KB. AIF that is released to cytoplasm can mediate apoptosis when special extracellular signals trigger the

• There is a delicate balance between ROS generation and

  2023-08-21

  

  There is a delicate balance between ROS generation and scavenging by the protective antioxidant defenses in the cell. Antioxidant systems present in the 63 7 include enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalases, glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) and peroxiredoxins (PRxs) (Fig. 3) [38]. SODs are

• Plant pathogenic fungi have caused a lot of economic losses

  2023-08-21

  

  Plant pathogenic fungi have caused a lot of economic losses to agricultural production worldwide every year. It is necessary to develop an bio-sourced antifungal agent for agricultural use. Many researches have shown that the antifungal activity of quaternized chitosan derivatives is mainly affected

• br Acknowledgement Work in the McEwan Laboratory

  2023-08-21

  

  Acknowledgement Work in the McEwan Laboratory is funded by the Chief Scientist Office of Scottish Government: Grants ETM-258 and ETM-382. BE is supported by an Erasmus scholarship (D -JENA01). Introduction The equine placenta is a noninvasive transient organ, classified as diffuse and epithel

• br Materials and method br Result and

  2023-08-18

  

  Materials and method Result and discussion Conclusion Acknowledgments This work is partly supported by the University Research Committee (URC) of the Senate of The Federal University of Technology, Akure. The authors thanked IFS for the funds (F/4449 1F and F/4449-2F) used to purchase th

• Globally the total number of patients included in the meta

  2023-08-18

  

  Globally, the total number of patients included in the meta-analysis was 1885, ranging from 40 to 442 patients per study. All eligible studies reported the association between ALDH1 expression and patients' OS [24-26, 3241], whereas nine studies evaluated the relationship between ALDH1 expression an

• In the present study the alternative splicing of several nAC

  2023-08-18

  

  In the present study, the alternative splicing of several nAChR subunits was identified in the oriental migratory locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen), a serious worldwide pest to agricultural production and also a model insect species [5]. Several α subunits were tried to co-express with ra

• Although we have achieved a

  2023-08-18

  

  Although we have achieved a great deal of success in the development of tools to understand autophagy in health and disease, highly specific reagents for autophagy manipulation and deep knowledge of autophagy is required to advance the research in therapeutic treatment. Better disease (ischemia) ani

• Loss of expression or functional activity of

  2023-08-18

  

  Loss of expression or functional activity of cell adhesion is intricately related to advanced stages of tumour progression and invasiveness. Martin-Belmonte and Perez-Moreno recently mentioned that the deregulation of adhesion can alter tumourgenesis in the early stage. We have shown for the first t

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