• The identity of organelles is defined by a particular set

  2022-09-22

  

  The identity of organelles is defined by a particular set of molecules present on their surface. Most organelles in the endomembrane system (i.e., endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and lysosomes) carry Rab GTPases (hereafter referred to as Rabs), which serve as binding platforms for

• br Lysophosphatidylinositol LPI LPI is a subspecies

  2022-09-22

  

  Lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) LPI is a subspecies of lysophospholipid consisting of inositol as its head group, one glycerol molecule and one acyl chain (Piñeiro and Falasca, 2012). The biosynthesis of this lipid starts from Phosphatidylinositol (PI) and is catalysed by the enzymes phospholipase

• In summary we have designed

  2022-09-22

  

  In summary, we have designed and optimized a new series of 1,4-dioxycyclohexane GPR119 agonists. SAR studies led to the discovery of the preferred molecule that has potent and efficacious GPR119 activity across species. This lead compound exhibited an excellent ADME and safety profile, and demonstr

• Obestatin increased GnRH mRNA expression in the POA being

  2022-09-22

  

  Obestatin increased GnRH mRNA expression in the POA, being the main place of GnRH synthesis (Goodman, 2015). Simultaneously, obestatin also caused a decrease in the GnRH mRNA expression in ME, without affecting the level of this peptide mRNA in AHA. A lack of differences observed in the mRNA level i

• Epidemiological studies revealed that vitamin

  2022-09-21

  

  Epidemiological studies revealed that vitamin D deficiency was associated with a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, in particular, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease (Annweiler et al., 2013; Knekt et al., 2010), dementia and cognitive function impairment (Balio

• Since the late s synthetic GC e g

  2022-09-21

  

  Since the late 1940s, synthetic GC (e.g. prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone) have been used extensively in the treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma, and for their immunosuppressant action in preventing organ rejection post transplantation. Cortico

• Overnight mg dexamethasone suppression testing

  2022-09-21

  

  Overnight 1-mg dexamethasone suppression testing (DST) of the BclI polymorphism carriers found them to have lower cortisol levels, suggesting an increased sensitivity to GCs with respect to the transrepression effect of cortisol on the POMC gene of the corticotroph pituitary cells [28]. The exact me

• Galanin was shown to play

  2022-09-21

  

  Galanin was shown to play an important role in pain and pain processing [14] and the involvement of neuropeptides in the development of migraine is well established [[24], [25], [26]], however, so far it has not been examined whether systemic galanin levels correlate with migraine. Therefore, we use

• In the a first in vitro indication

  2022-09-21

  

  In the 2003, a first in vitro indication of modulation of FXR expression in CRC showed that FXR expression was absent in undifferentiated colon carcinoma cell line SW480, while it was progressively increasing along with the degree of cell differentiation in Caco2 and HT29 cells, and its transcriptio

• PBI is an agonist of GPR and acts as an

  2022-09-21

  

  PBI-4050 is an agonist of GPR40 and acts as an antagonist or inverse agonist of GPR84. It cannot be excluded that other targets besides GPR40 and GPR84 could be implicated in the mechanism of action of PBI-4050 and could be explored in future studies. However, the present study, and in particular th

• Recent studies are beginning to explore

  2022-09-20

  

  Recent studies are beginning to explore this complex interplay of pathways. For example, intracellular trafficking of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) based nanoparticles was studied in detail using 30 different Rab proteins as markers for intracellular transport vesicles (involved in exocytosis,

• br Funding The authors disclose the following support for

  2022-09-20

  

  Funding The authors disclose the following support for the research and/or authorship of this article: This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR). TM is the recipient of a BMS/CTN postdoctoral fellowship and PKQ was funded by a CAHR/CIHR doctoral scholarship. A

• Benzene metabolism occurs primarily in the liver where benze

  2022-09-20

  

  Benzene metabolism occurs primarily in the liver where benzene is converted into phenol, catechol, hydroquinone (HQ). HQ is further converted to 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) in the bone marrow which is the primary organ of benzene toxicity (Bolton et al., 2000). 1,4-BQ is an important benzene metabolit

• In humans polymorphisms in the

  2022-09-20

  

  In humans, polymorphisms in the lengths of GT sequences (from 11 to 40) within the HMOX1 promoter impact the magnitude of HO-1 expression profiles. Long GT repeats code for less stable (Z-conformational) DNA with blunted transcriptional activity resulting in lower resting and stimulated HO-1 protein

• Taken together our results indicate

  2022-09-20

  

  Taken together, our results indicate that HSF1 and NRF2 reciprocally regulate HO-1 expression. Although each of HSF1 and NRF2 controls a distinct cytoprotective pathway, mounting evidence points that they engage in crosstalk [15,22]. The protein-protein interaction between HSF1 and NRF2 may be inter

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